Hollow building-tile



L. B.GREEN.

HOLLOW BUILDING TILE.

PPLICATION FILED Novl 22, |919.

Patented Jan. 18. 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEEI l.

L. B. GREEN.

HOLLOW BUILDING TILE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 22, 1919.

Patented Jan. 18, 1921.

2 SHEElS-SHEEI 2.

NUNITI-:n STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEE B. GREEN, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 THE FEDERAL MACHINE PROD-UCTS COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

HOLLOW BUILDING-TILE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led November 22, 1919. Serial No. 339,803.

To all who/mJ it may concern.'

Be it known that I, LEE B. GREEN, a citizen of the United btates,residing at Cleveland,.in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, haveinvented a new and useful Hollow Building-T ile, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in hollow buildinuf tiles adaptedfor use in the construction of walls and foundations of buildings,tunnels and other structures, and pertains more especially' to animproved building element which is rectangular in plan and made ofconcrete, tei'ra cotta, clay or other plastic or cementitious material,in a mold.

One object of this invention is to produce a hollow tile which isremarkable for its great load-carrying capacity for any given amount ofmaterial used in making the tile.-

Another object is to produce a hollow tile which not only has a solidcentral portion but has the corner portions of the tile efficientlybraced from said central'portion and has said central portioncorrespondingly braced from said cornerportions.

Another object is to have said tile not only formed with air spacesbetween said central portion and the exterior upright surfaces of thetile, but to have said air spaces so relatively arranged that moistureis uniformly' distributed to said central portion' from the differentcorner portions of the tile.

Another, object is to enhance the efficiency of said air spaces and tohave every portion of the tile adequately benefited by said air spaces.

Another object is to produce a hollow tile of the character indicatedwhich has irproved top and bottom bearing surfaces ma'- teriallycontributing to the desired loadcarr ing capacity of the tile.

Vl ith these objects in view, and to attain any other object hereinafterappearing, this invention consists in a hollow building tile having thepeculiarities hereinafter described in this specification, pointed outin the claims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In said drawin 1rs, Figure-1 is a top plan of a hollow building tileembodying lny i1ivention. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section takenalong the line 2 2, Fig. 1.. Fig. 3 is a central transverse sectiontaken along the line 3 3, Fig. 2. Fig. 4. is a vertical section takenalong the line 1 -4, Fi 1 looking in the. direction indicated by thearrow. Fig. 5 1s a top plan showing the tile illustrated in Fig. 1, aslying on the adjacent portions of two alined tiles which correspond withthe superposed tile. Figa 6 is avvertical section taken along the line 66, Fig. 5. Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are transverse vertical sections taken alongthe line 7 7, line 8 8y and line 9 9, respectively, Fig. 6. Figs. 5, 6,7, 8 and 9 are drawn on a smaller scale than igs. 1, 2, 3 and 11.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 3 of said drawings, 10 indicates the twosubstantially vertical and substantially parallel spaced side walls of ahollow building tile which embodies my invention and is rectangular inplan, and 11 (see Figs. 1 and 2) indicates he two substantially verticaland substantially parallel 4spaced end walls of said tile, and said endwalls are arranged at a right angle to the aforesaid side walls. Saidtile comprises a substantially vertical longitudinal partition 12arranged centrally between and spaced from the side walls l() andarranged centrally between and spaced from the end walls 11, and saidpartition is arranged substantially at a right angle to said end wallsand consequently substantially parallel withv said side walls.

Between each end of each side wall l() and the adjacent end of thecentral; partition 12 is .a substantially vertical diagonally arrangedpartition 13. rlhe diagonal partitions 13 (see Fig. 1) are thereforefour in number, and preferably two of said diagonal .partitions extendfrein opposite ends respectively of the central partition l2 and divergetoward and connect with opposite ends respectively of one of the sidewalls of the tile, and the remaining two diagonal partitions divergetoward and extend to oplposit-e ends respectively of the other of saidside walls from opposite ends respectively of said central partition.

It will be observed that a tile having a centrai partition 12 anddiagonal partitions 13 relatively arranged, as hereinbefore described,Figs. 1, 2 and 3) has two air spaces 14 formed at the inner side ofopposite side walls 10 respectively of the tile and two air spaces 15formed at the inner side of opposite end Walls 11 respectively of thetile, and that the diagonal partitions 13 form walls of said air Spaces.Preferably Patented Jan. 18, 1921.

each diagonal partition 13 forms a wall of one of the air spaces 14 anda wall of one of the air spaces 15. (See also Fig. 4.) The walls 10 and11, the partitions 12 and 13, and the air spaces 14 and 15 extend fromtop to bottom of the tile, and 16 (see Fig. 1) indicates the four cornerportions of the tile.

I would have it understood that my invention embraces broadly any hollowbuilding tile or building element which l is' quadrangular in plan andhas four diagonal partitions extending from the different corner`portions 16 respectively of the tile toward the central portion of thetile, and it will be observed ,that the diagonal partitions 13 brace thecentral partition l2 from the corner portions 16 and brace said cornerportions from said central partition. Generally my impr'oved tile isrectangular in plan as shown in Fig. 1 in which the two air spaces 14,formed at opposite sides respectively of the central partition 12, arelarger than the-two air spaces 15 formed opposite the ends of saidcentral partition.

In constructing a wall of a building the tile illustrated in Figs. 1, 2,3 and 4 is placed over the'adjacent end portions of two longitudinallyalined tiles, and in Figs. 5, 6, 7 8

land 9 A indicates the superposed tile, and 30 i B indicates theunderlying tiles which of course correspond with the superposed tile Aand have their central partitions 12 in line endwise. Preferably thelarger air spaces 14 of my improved tile extend into the end portions ofthe tile, and the two smaller air spaces 15` of the tile are formedwholly in opposite end portions respectively of the tile, and each ofsaid smaller air spaces extends between the adjacent ends of theaforesaid largerair spaces, so that the tile, when placed (see Figs. 5,6, 7, 8 and 9) in the position of the superposed tile A in relation tothe underlying tiles B, not only has its central partition 12 arrangedto rest (see Figs. 5 and 6) on adjacent end portions of said alinedunderlying tiles and has its diagonal partitions 13 (see Figs. 5 and 8)arranged to extend transversely of and rest n the diagonal partitions 13of adjacent portions'of said underlying tiles, but has.

each larger air space 14 thereof (see Figs. 5 and communicating with theair spaces 15 in said portions of said underlying tiles and incommunication (see Figs. 5 and 8) with the adjacent air spaces 14 ofsaid underlying tiles, and hasv each of its smaller air spaces 15 (seeFigs. 5, 6, and 8)`communi eating with the air space 15 in the adjacentend portion of the` adjacent underlying tile and (see Figs. 5 and 9)with both air spaces 14 of the last-mentioned tile. In Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8and 9 mortar 17 is shown forming the joints between adjacent tiles.

By the tile herinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings the hereinbefore stated objects of my invention aresuccessfully attained, and obviously a wall constructed of tilesembodying my invention is well ventilated and has great strength anddurability.

I would also remark that not unimportant, to facilitate the manufactureof my improved tile, is the extension of the four diagonal partitions ofthe tile inwardly from the different corner portions respectively of thetile, and of vast importance, to the production of said tile of maximumstrength, is the arrangement of the two diagonal partitions of each endportion of the tile substantially at right angles to each other, sothat, when the tile is placed, as shown in Fig. 5, in the position ofthe superposed tile A in relation to the underlying tiles B, eachdiagonal partition of each end portion of said superposed tile and theadjacent diagonal partition of the acent end portion of the underlyingtile extending under said end portion of said superposed tile lie acrosseach other substantially at right angles.

Vhat I claim is- 1. In a hollow building tile which is substantiallyrectangular in plan, a longitudinal partition arranged centrally betweenthe sides and centrally between the ends of the tile and substantiallyparallel f with )said sides, and diagonal partitions extending from saidcentral partition to the different corner portions respectively of thetile, the diagonal partitions of each end portion of the tile extendingfrom top to bottom of the tile and being substantially at right anglesto each other. Y

2. In a hollow building tile which is rectangular in plan, a portioncentrally of the tile and four diagonal partitions extending from thedifferent corner portions respectively of the tile toward the centralportion and from top to bottom of the tile, said tile having saidpartitions, upon laying` the tile on adjacent portions of twolongitudinally alined tiles which correspond with the superposed tile,arran ed to extend transversely of and rest on iagonal partitions ofsaid alined tiles.

3. In a hollow building tile which is substantially rectangular in plan,four diagonal partitions extending inwardly from the different cornerportions respectively of the tile and from top to bottom of the tile,adjacent diagonal partitions being arranged substan tially at rightangles to each other, and said tile, upon laying it upon adjacent endportions of two longitudinally alined tiles which correspond with thesuperposed tile, having its diagonal partitions arranged to lic acrossthe diagonal partitions of adjacent portions of said alined tilessubstantially at right angles.

4. In a hollow building tile which is quadn rangular in plan, asubstantially vertical partition arranged centrall of the tile andsubstantially parallel wit two opposite upright walls of the tile, andfour substantially vertical partitions extending from said centralpartition toward the different corner portions respectively of the tile,said tile, upon laying it on adjacent portions of two alined tiles whichcorrespond with the superposed tile and are arranged with their centralpartitions in line endwise, having its diagonal partitions arranged toextend transversely of and rest on the diagonal par titions of adjacentportions of said alined tiles and having its central partition arrangedto rest on adjacent portions of said alined tiles.

In a hollow building tile which is substantially rectangular in plan, alongitudinal partition arranged centrally between the sides andcentrally between the ends of the tile, and diagonal partitionsextending from the ends of said central partition to the cor-y nerportions of thel tile, there being two air spaces formed at oppositesides respectively of the central partition and extending into the endportions of the tile, there being formed wholly in each end portion ofthe tile a smaller air space arranged between the adjacent ends of thefirst-mentioned and larger air spaces, said air spaces extending fromtop to bottom of the tile, and each end portion of the tile having theair space which is formed wholly in said end portion fin communication,upon laying the tile on adjacent end portions of two longitudinallyalined tiles which correspond with the superposed tile, with the largerair spaces' in the tile which underlies said end portion of thesuperposed tile and also in communi'- cation with the adjacent air spaceformed wholly in the adjacent end portion of said underlying tile.

G. In a hollow building tile which is substantially rectangular in plan,a longitudinal partition arranged centrally between the sides andcentrally between the ends of the tile, and partitions extending fromthe ends of said central partition to the corner portions of the tile,there being two air spaces formed' at opposite sides respectively of thecentral partition and extending into the air spaces, said air spacesextending from top to bottom of the tile, said tile having each largerair space therein, upon laying the tile over adjacent end portions oftwo longitudinally alined tiles which correspond with the super-posedtile, communicating with the air spaces formed wholly in said endportions of said underlying tiles and in communication with the largerair spaces of said underlying tiles.,

7. In a hollow building tile which is substantially rectangular in plan,a longitudinal partition arranged centrally between the sides andcentrally between the Vends of the tile, and diagonal partitionsextending from said central partition to the corner portions of thetile, there being two air spaces formed at opposite sides respectivelyof the central partition and exten ing into the end portions of thetile, there being formed wholly in each end portion of the tile asmaller air space arranged between the adjacent ends of thefirst-mentioned and larger air spaces, said air spaces extending fromtop to bottom of the tile, said tile having each larger air space, uponlaying the tile over adjacent end portions of two longitudinally alinedtiles which correspond with the superposed tile, communicating with theair spaces formed wholly in said end portions of said underlying tilesand in communication with the larger air spaces of said underlyingtiles, and having the smaller air space in each end portion of the tileadapted to communicate with the larger air spaces in the tile whichunderlies said end portion of the superposed tile and with the air spaceformed whollyv in the adjacent end portion of said underlyinO' tile.

. In testimony whereof, I sign the foregoing specification, in thepresence of two witnesses.

LEE B. GREEN.

Witnesses:

Basin F. J crm-som HELEN M. Donna.

